Our ecosystem is composed of both biotic and abiotic components. Both of these components have stark differences between them and it is important to understand to gain a better understanding of how ...

Biodiversity means the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are parts.

Environment can be defined as the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates. The term “environment” refers to all elements of the physical and biological world, ...

1. Woody plant encroachment in grasslands is a world-wide concern. Assertions that abiotic stress reduction facilitates encroachment are not universally supported. To devise restoration and management ...

Plants are increasingly encountering abiotic stressors, such as salinity, drought, heavy metals, microplastics, and various environmental contaminants, that ...