Abstract: An equilibrium-based solute transport model is developed for the simulation of trace metal fate and transport in streams. The model is formed by coupling a solute transport model with a ...

The concept of punctuated equilibrium was, to some, a radical new idea when it was first proposed by Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge in 1972. Now it is widely recognized as a useful model for one ...

Living systems are achieved by complex chemical reaction dynamics far from equilibrium, such as gene expression networks, signalling networks, metabolic circuits and neural networks. The design, ...

This video looks at reversible reactions and dynamic equilibrium: chemical reactions are reversible and may reach a dynamic equilibrium. The position of equilibrium of a reversible reaction can be ...