Classic techniques like videofluoroscopy, stationary manometry, and ambulatory 24 h pH-metry are routinely used in the clinic to study patients with dysphagia, chest pain and reflux-related symptoms.

All engineers know resistance is usually bad news. It generates heat. It reduces efficiency. It wears out components and cuts operational lifetimes. However, resistance is not the only kind of ...

Approximately 50% of patients with GERD-like symptoms have no evidence of acid reflux on endoscopy and 24 h pH testing. New research shows that multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII) pH testing ...

The global issue of antimicrobial resistance has been called a “slow motion catastrophe” resulting from the excessive and often inappropriate use of antibiotics to fight bacterial infections. 1 A long ...

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is used in this procedure to test the impedance in a commercial battery after connecting it two ways. An analysis of the differences in the obtained values ...

Depending on the earthing configuration of the network, the instrument also uses multiphase measurements to calculate the impedance of the neutral conductor, enabling it to reveal defects that could ...

Today’s electronic equipment must be designed to, first, operate in the electromagnetic (EM) environment it is to be employed in, and second, ensure that the EM fields generated by the system do not ...

We’ll begin by covering some of the basic mathematical relationships that everyone learns in electrical trade (or engineering) school. Unfortunately, many people seem to forget these basics in the ...