The immune system’s first encounter with a virus or vaccine establishes a “starting template” that shapes its response to new variants, a phenomenon often called immune imprinting. A new study shows ...

Previous COVID-19 or flu infection does not guarantee immunity; waning antibodies, viral evolution and weaker mucosal ...

The term “host-pathogen interactions” refers to the dynamic interplay between the host organism (such as humans and/or animals) and the infective agent (such as parasites, fungi, viruses or bacteria).

Scientists have uncovered a link between COVID-19 control measures and a surge in serious infections in children following the pandemic. The findings, which come from a large European study led by ...

Exposure to Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep A) that causes mild or no symptoms can trigger the body's immune response and naturally build protection, potentially solving a nearly 100-year-old mystery of ...