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Computational models of molecular and gene networks are now commonplace. They are becoming larger and more complex, and are based on various approaches. Standard formats permit the sharing and reuse ...

In the simplest terms, a logical data model is a visual representation of the business rules and requirements covering the universe-of-discourse for a given solution or enterprise, along with some ...

Occasionally one may hear that a data model is “over-normalized,” but just what does that mean? Normalization is intended to analyze the functional dependencies across a set of data. The goal is to ...

In a previous article, we explored the Strong Artificial Intelligence Hypothesis, first presenting a low-level description based on the notion of a neural network (bottom-up framework). In this work, ...

Most projects benefit from having a data model. This article gives an overview of the most common types. At its heart, data modeling is about understanding how data flows through a system. Just as a ...

For the past 20 years or so, we've seen a growing demand for accountability in the public and nonprofit sectors. It's not enough to document your program's outputs—say, the number of students who took ...

Developed hardware-in-the-loop modeling systems where actual chips were placed onto boards that were interfaced to a simulator. The signals coming from the simulator were stored sequentially so as to ...