Photo: Niels Bohr's research notes for his new atomic theory Rutherford's find came from a very strange experience. Everyone at that time imagined the atom as a "plum pudding." That is, it was roughly ...

Ever since Max Planck introduced the idea of the quantum to the world, physicists have argued about whether reality is more like sand or water. Planck’s famous 1900 discovery that energy is grainy — ...

Atomic-scale imaging emerged in the mid-1950s and has been advancing rapidly ever since—so much so, that back in 2008, physicists successfully used an electron microscope to image a single hydrogen ...