The etiology of bullous disease of diabetes is unknown. Prominent acral accentuation of the disease's lesions suggests a susceptibility to microtrauma-induced changes. However, most patients develop ...

The osmotic fragility test (OFT) is used to measure erythrocyte resistance to hemolysis while being exposed to varying levels of dilution of a saline solution. There is no true consensus among ...

Without treatment, tropical sprue runs a relapsing course and can result in severe malnutrition. Treatment involves antibiotic therapy and replacement of nutrient deficiencies (eg, folic acid, vitamin ...

The normal reference value for the activated protein C resistance (APCR) ratio is greater than 2.0. [1] A falsely low APCR ratio (< 2.0) may be seen in those with conditions with reduced protein S ...

The following organizations have released guidelines for the management of thyroid disease. Key diagnostic and treatment recommendations have been reviewed and integrated throughout the article.

Povidone-iodine 1.25% ophthalmic solution may be as effective as topical antibiotics, especially in resource-limited settings There is no data supporting the cost-effectiveness of antibiotics for mild ...

The following organizations have released guidelines for the management of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). Key diagnostic and treatment recommendations have been reviewed and integrated ...

Pediatrics: General Medicine articles covering symptoms, diagnosis, staging, treatment, prognosis, and follow-up. Peer reviewed and up-to-date recommendations written by leading experts.

Author: Samuel G Deem, DO; Chief Editor: Bradley Fields Schwartz, DO, FACS more... The kidneys are paired organs in the retroperitoneum. They are covered in a thin, fibrous capsule that is in turn ...

Author: Bishnu Prasad Devkota, MD, MHI, FRCS(Edin), FRCS(Glasg), FACP, FAMIA; Chief Editor: Sridevi Devaraj, PhD, DABCC, FAACC, FRSC, CCRP more ...

Colon cancer is staged using the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor/node/metastasis (TNM) classification and staging system. In this system, stages are assigned on the basis of the ...

Evidence-based information on benzodiazepine equivalency is limited, and different sources may disagree; hence the use of dose ranges in this table. Even so, the data listed in this table are ...