For many years ecologists have sought to understand the roles and importance of direct and indirect effects in communities. Direct effects, as the name implies, deal with the direct impact of one ...

A hernia occurs when an organ or internal body part pushes through the tissue that usually surrounds and protects it. A hernia can develop in various places in the abdomen. Inguinal hernias are the ...

“Homines dum docent discunt” (men learn while they teach). This sentence is from the seventh letter of Seneca to Lucilius 1. Seneca indicates that learning is a mutual process. For example, when ...

The indirect effects of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, such as changes in soil moisture and plant structure, can have a bigger impact on ecosystems than previously thought ...